Friday, December 6, 2019

Operator and Application to Business †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Operator and Application to Business. Answer: Introduction There are different kinds of difficulties included in the organizational decision making procedure. Within the organizational decision making procedure, all the stakeholders are involved whereas the impact of the decision making is widespread. In other words, the organizational decision making process is the procedure of making the comparatively favorable choice amongst the other alternatives. Zsambok (2014) agree to that fact that the decision making within the organizations is one of the most significant management activities. Also, it is important to note that, only the managers are not responsible for the decision making process, but at every level the employees also contribute in the process of the decision making. Even though most of the cases, it is believed that the senior management make the decision, in the contemporary organizations, most of the decisions are made by the teams or the groups at the initial stage (Pettigrew 2014). This essay will trigger the decision making activities at both the strategic and operational level along with the problems being dealt at each of the levels. Pearls Boheme is a mid-sized jewelry retail business which is operated by a sole owner, Brigitte. The organization has employees such as sales managers, sales assistants as other stakeholders, but Brigitte is the only one who has been responsible for all the past decisions that have been taken so far. Brigitte is also responsible for creating and designing the jewelry other than handling the other aspects of the business such as advertizing, finance and sales. This issue has been a major problem in the organization as there is no other person involved while taking any significant decision. Even though there are several advantages of being a sole owner of any business such as making fast decisions or lower cost of employee management, sole ownership also comes with several disadvantages. Brigitte is the only one who should take the entire financial liability, therefore if there is any kind of business failure or other issues such as property damage or injured client, there is no one to make major decisions to manage the further consequences. In addition to that, the business can stop if Brigitte falls sick or not capable to work for any other reasons. Therefore the organization needs to stop doing business for a while. Therefore Pearls Boheme requires to review its decision making process for the further strategic and operational decisions. Organizational decision making is a procedure which can be of different types on the basis of the issues that arise. At the very first stage, the management requires to identify the specific issue because evaluating the issue would help the owner to judge all the aspects. After that, the manager should analyze the issue by utilizing the multiple perspective analysis as this will make the management to think out of their own perspective (Hartman, DesJardins and MacDonald 2014). According to the size and nature of the business, the decision making process of every organization tends to change. As the vision of Pearl Boheme is to make profit through doing what Pearls Boheme is best at, the organization aims to gain the competitive advantage by making distinctly different products than the other businesses in the market. While making any decision, the goal should be focused with utmost priority. Employee involvement In Pearls Boheme, there is no such formal meeting for the strategic decision making held. As it is a company for sole partnership, most of the decisions are taken by Brigitte on the basis of her years of experience and practice in the business world. Therefore, she utilizes her knowledge on the environmental factors and her business judgment for identifying the problem. However, it is significant for Pearls Boheme that there are two part time employees who are responsible for putting inputs at the strategic and operational decision making process. Even though Brigitte is the last word in the organization, she prefers consulting with others before taking any final decision. On an operational level, customer participation is most important for Pearls Boheme for creating long-term customer relationships. Therefore, the organization can introduce few customer loyalty programs which will help them to retail more clients in the long run. Along with that, past experiences in the business filed allow Brigitte recognizing the issue along with the cause, and therefore she makes the rational or intuitive decision after analyzing all the aspects of the issue. Brigitte takes all the major decisions by herself, therefore in most of the situations there is no meeting before taking any strategic or operational decisions. As explained by (), the organization follows the rule of taking steps immediately when known what is to be done. Therefore Brigitte takes immediate decisions and takes actions. The below figure demonstrates the way of making decisions for the business. Operational decisions are the ones which are made for managing the daily business within any organization. Mostly, these decisions are taken care of by the floor manager or the operations manager. It may sound easy; however there are thousands of decisions in the business on a regular basis (Shouzhen et al. 2014). The most significant thing about the day to day operational decisions is that, if it is not taken properly, it can destroy the regular service for the customers. As Pearls Bohemes is a sole partnership, Brigitte has to deal with all the regular issues by herself. She is often confronted with repetitive issues which involves different objectives such as deciding the material for a particular design, choosing the supplier for the business purpose or employee selection. Along with that, customer service is one of the major decision making procedure in the organization. It is also to be decided that a jewellery has been finished or fixing the pricing strategy (Solomon 2014). B eing a sole owner, Brigitte has to do the entire job on her own. Pearls Boheme also faced customer negotiations and the decisions that are related to the creation and designing of the jewellery where the decisions regarding creation of jewellery and the price of the piece requires to be decided. Strategic Decisions Strategic decision making is an ongoing procedure. This process includes creating new strategies for achieving the objectives and goals on the basis of the experiential outcome. For this reason the management has to work together towards its mission and vision statement. An analysis of the external and internal factors such as SWOT analysis can help the managers to achieve the objectives of the organization. If the management has a clear idea of the strengths and weaknesses of the organization, it is easier for them to make a decision where they can exploit the strengths while minimizing the weakness for avoiding the threats (Goetsch and Davis 2014). In Pearls Bohemes, the main objective of the brand is to become one of the leading jewelry businesses in Australia, therefore the organization always work together in fulfilling the expectations of the customers providing them unique and innovative jewelry. Therefore the organization works harder to provide more artistic and unique designs to the customers. The decision of relocation of the business has been taken recently. This decision has made the organization bigger and the better location has proven it to be a successful strategic decision. Nature of the problems There are different kinds of problems for Pearls Bohemes on a daily basis. The owner of the organization has to face several issues everyday and these problems are quite difficult to analyze and solve as most of the times, they are contradictory, incomplete and keep on changing the previous requirements. Mostly these issues are interdependent as while solving one issue at a time can create or reveal issues from another aspect (Rittel and Webber 1973). There are two kinds of problems faced by the organization, tame and wicked. It has a relatively well-defined and stable problem statement. It has a definite stopping point, i.e. we know when a solution is reached. It has a solution which can be objectively evaluated as being right or wrong. It belongs to a class of similar problems which can be solved in a similar manner. It has solutions which can be tried and abandoned. The characteristics of wicked problems are: There is no definitive formulation of a wicked problem Have no stopping rule Solutions not true or false but good or bad No immediate and no ultimate test of a solution Every solution is a one shot no opportunity to learn by trial and error Enumerable potential solutions Essentially unique Can be considered a symptom of another problem Existence of discrepancy explained in numerous ways Planner has no right to be wrong For example, last month the organization has faced an issue with a customer who has been changing the requirements continuously, therefore it was difficult for the employees to follow her and provide her the kind of jewelry that pleases her. However when the design matched, she started complaining about the material that has been used. Therefore the manager has faced complicated issues with her as she kept on pointing out different issues with the piece of jewelry. Also there was another internal problem to it, as the employees were not willing to do the entire job on free of cost as they have already put adequate effort for this piece of jewelry. Therefore, Brigitte has to talk to the customer and after a long period of discussions, the customer has agreed on a decision and was ready to pay extra for the further changes. Therefore, it can be said that the even if the problems are difficult thee organization has to come to a solution which does not harm neither the employees nor the customers. Decision making Approach There are two different kinds of decision making approaches by the organizations all over the world, qualitative and quantitative. As a sole owner of the organization, Brigitte has to take the final decision after ensuring that all the aspects of the issue have been addressed. There are few basic differences in both the methods. In terms of qualitative method, the inputs are mostly non-measurable, however, with qualitative method the managers have to deal with the gathered data. Qualitative method also includes a profound insight on the information; however the quantitative data is mostly mechanical and only provides the statistical analysis of the gathered data (Anderson et al. 2015). The manager can calculate the rate of facing issues with a particular product but they cannot judge how much the customers are pleased with the product. Along with that, the researchers have also observed that the results of the qualitative analysis may be ambiguous sometimes, but the results of the quantitative analysis can be decisive. In this organization, the owner mostly makes qualitative decision making approach to reach to a solution (Goodwin and Wright 2014). First, the problem needs to be identified reviewing various aspects. After that the criteria of suitable judgment needs to be decided. After a detailed evaluation and judgment procedure, the solution should be implemented immediately. Criteria before making any decision (regarding products) Weigh (1-10) Price of the product 8 User friendly 9 Cost effectiveness 8 Structural description 8 Criteria (customer service) Weight (1-10) Delivery timing 10 Attitude of the employee 8 Flexibility of exchanging the product 6 CSR 9 Williams Rational Problem Solving Approach At the first stage the specific problem has to be defined in an unambiguous way. After that the decision criteria can be decided. The third stage is to weight the criteria which will eventually generate the alternatives after the alternatives for the solution. After rating each of the alternatives on the criteria, the management has to come to an optimal decision (Goetsch and Davis 2014). This tool helps to accommodate all the potential aspects which is related to the decision making approach. The assumptions are: Problem is clear and unambiguous Single and well-defined goals can be identified Alternatives (and consequences) are all known Preferences and needs are clear, recognised, and unchanging Time and resources are abundant accessible Decision will be implemented willingly and supported by all Conclusion In recommendation, it can be said that, in Pearls Bohemes, the owner should get another members in the management which will make her job easier. Till now, she has been the only one who has been responsible for the decisions. This also includes taking fast and prompt decisions, whereas on the other hand it comes with several problems such as if she falls sick, there is no one to take care of the business. Therefore the organization should appoint other members in the senior management as well. Reference list Anderson, D.R., Sweeney, D.J., Williams, T.A., Camm, J.D. and Cochran, J.J., 2015.An introduction to management science: quantitative approaches to decision making. Cengage learning. Ferrell, O.C. and Fraedrich, J., 2015.Business ethics: Ethical decision making cases. Nelson Education. Frey, D., Schulz-Hardt, S. and Stahlberg, D., 2013. Information seeking among individuals and groups and possible consequences for decision-making in business and politics.Understanding group behavior,2, pp.211-225. Goetsch, D.L. and Davis, S.B., 2014.Quality management for organizational excellence. Upper Saddle River, NJ: pearson. Goodwin, P., Wright, G. 2014, Decision Analysis for Management Judgement, 5th edition, Chichester UK, Wiley. Hartman, L.P., DesJardins, J.R. and MacDonald, C., 2014.Business ethics: Decision making for personal integrity and social responsibility. New York: McGraw-Hill. Pettigrew, A.M., 2014.The politics of organizational decision-making. Routledge. Richey T 2005, Wicked Problems: structuring social messes with morphological analysis, Swedish Morphological Society (www.swemorph.com) Rittel H, and Webber M, 1973, Dilemmas in a General Theory of Planning in Policy Sciences, Vol 4, pp155-169, Elservier Scientific Publishing Co Inc: Amsterdam Schmoldt, D., Kangas, J., Mendoza, G.A. and Pesonen, M. eds., 2013.The analytic hierarchy process in natural resource and environmental decision making(Vol. 3). Springer Science Business Media. Sguera, F., Sekerka, L.E. and Bagozzi, R., 2017, January. Self-Conscious Emotions and Moral Decision Making in Business. InAcademy of Management Proceedings(Vol. 2017, No. 1, p. 13728). Academy of Management. Shouzhen, Z., Qifeng, W., Merig, J.M. and Tiejun, P., 2014. Induced intuitionistic fuzzy ordered weighted averaging: Weighted average operator and its application to business decision-making.Computer Science and Information Systems,11(2), pp.839-857. Solomon, M.R., 2014.Consumer behavior: Buying, having, and being(Vol. 10). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Sutherland, L.A. and Holstead, K.L., 2014. Future-proofing the farm: on-farm wind turbine development in farm business decision-making.Land Use Policy,36, pp.102-112. Williams, S.W. 2002, Making better Business Decisions: understanding and improving critical thinking and problem-solving skills, Thousand Oaks California, Sage Publications Chapter 1. Williams, S.W. 2002, Making better Business Decisions: understanding and improving critical thinking and problem-solving skills, Thousand Oaks California, Sage Publications Chapter 1. Zsambok, C.E., 2014.Naturalistic decision making. Psychology Press.

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